The Ultimate Crossfit Training Program - 10851 Words

The Ultimate Crossfit Training Program: Increase Muscle Mass Naturally In 30 Days or Less without Anabolic Steroids, Creatine Supplements, or Pills By Joseph Correa Professional Athlete and Coach COPYRIGHT  © 2015 Correa Media Group All rights reserved Reproduction or translation of any part of this work beyond that permitted by section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to The subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that neither the author nor the publisher is engaged in rendering medical advice. If medical advice or assistance is needed, consult with a doctor. This book is considered a guide and should not be used in any way detrimental to your health. Consult with a physician before starting make sure it’s right for you. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To my family and friends. Without your help and understanding this would not have been possible. The Ultimate Crossfit Training Program: Increase Muscle Mass Naturally In 30 Days or Less without Anabolic Steroids, Creatine Supplements, or Pills By Joseph Correa Professional Athlete and Coach INTRODUCTION The Ultimate Crossfit Training Program will change how you look and feel. Three different intensity levels are provided in the form of calendars: BASIC, INTERMEDIATE, and INTENSE. Each one has a varied difficulty level soShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Functional Aerobic Exercise1624 Words   |  7 PagesCrossFit is a program created to provide a full body workout to prepare the body for everyday activities and the unexpected. CrossFit is constantly varied functional movements performed at a high intensity. Millions of people across the globe participate in this high intensity fitness regimen every day. CrossFit exercises consists of performing many simple movements that make up one complex movement. These movements are based on movements that we perform in our everyday lives. The base of all ofRead MoreCrossfit Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding of Membership Thank you for choosing Lebanon CrossFit as your new fitness home. We appreciate your choice, and we want you to have the best experience every time you come in. Here are a few things that we think are important for safety, wellness, and peace of mind for all members. Contract: We don’t have contracts at LCF. If you ever want to leave, please let us know a few days before you automatic billing draft so we can ensure that the money isn’t already being processed for draftRead MoreThe Most Important Event Or Non Academic Activity Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesbuild relationships with individuals who were severely impacted by the storm. This helped me understand the socioeconomic factors affecting many of the families in the area pre-dating hurricane Katrina. Through my engagement in community outreach programs I have found that many of these disadvantage families tend to forgo consultation with a physician for reasons stemming from lack of physician trust and therapeutics that clash with personal beliefs. As a result of this and other factors, there is

Military Leadership and Discipline Free Essays

Discipline Leadership Responsibilities and Duties Importance to the Military Discipline: Training that corrects, molds or perfects the mental facilities or moral character; the discipline to a superior authority. [Defined by Webster]. Discipline to me means that you are capable of accepting the norms. We will write a custom essay sample on Military: Leadership and Discipline or any similar topic only for you Order Now You respect the commands given from a higher authority or the leader in charge. Training your mind to think in a routine way of life, being able to accept the responsibilities of what you do and/or don’t do. In the world of the military discipline is a major factor. It defines your future and what you do or how your career will turn out. Max Anders says, â€Å"Only the disciplined ever get really good at anything. † Everything in life requires some sort of discipline. Whether it is hitting a baseball, climbing a mountain, playing a musical instrument, making good grades or brushing your teeth it all comes down to a matter of discipline. The core of a superior soldier is said to be moral disciple. Morals are principles and beliefs concerning rights and wrongs of behavior). Discipline tends to be important because it is the basis of todays and yesterday’s soldiers. In the Army discipline comes in many forms and fashions: PRT, drill and ceremony, basic commands given, routine life, training the body, etc. Discipline is something you need to have to live a military life and be successful. Leadership: the position or function of a leader; a person who guides or directs a group; the ability to lead. [Defined by Webster]. A leader in the military life is usually the most â€Å"squared-away† soldier. One that had the discipline to know and correct another when one needs help or is the wrong. I feel that when it comes to the military one who is a soldier has to have discipline. You can not be a leader and not have the discipline to lead a group/platoon to success. Leadership means you have the discipline to maintain yourself as well as the rest following you. Being in a leadership role means that you are capable of leading by direction and following direction at the same time. As a leader you should never have the ones you are leading do something you yourself would not do. You have to lead as being lead. â€Å"Never forget that no military leader has ever become great without audacity. If the leader is filled with high ambition and if he pursues his aims with audacity and strength of will, he will reach them in spite of all obstacles. † As quoted by Karl von Clausewitz. Leadership and discipline go hand and hand in the army. I feel that you can not have one without the other. Along with that goes the Army core values. With the right discipline noticed by the right sergeant/officer you are most-likely to be a leader of a platoon or group given. Both topics are important to the military way of life without these 2 subjects the army would have no foundation. Soldiers in the leadership position guide the platoon to a successful mission. Soldiers with the right discipline tend to lead the mission to victory. Without the 2 come many consequences: loss of rank; money, leadership positions, suspension etc. Personally I feel that a great leader has discipline. Being a leader without discipline you have nothing. Being a good leader to me means that you leave your mark on the ones who follow you. When another leader comes to charge, the soldiers that you have lead will know if that leader is good or not based on the path left behind. â€Å"The final test of a leader is that he leaves behind him in other men the conviction and the will to carry on. † – Walter Lippmann, 1889-1974. A good leader will continue to lead weather they are in a leadership position or not. As said before it is a basic foundation to get the mission completed. The military’s discipline is also know and having military bearing, knowing where to act in accordance. Commissioned officers and officers would have to make swift decisions in the battlefield that may affect the lives of their soldiers. In a world of chaos, their subordinates are relying on their leaders to make the right decision and trusting that those big decisions made is the best out of all the options given. Leaders should be able to make these big decisions with all his confidence projecting out with his military bearing. A leader should look like a leader, disciplined, confident, and has the skills and abilities to persuade and provide their subordinates with the motivation, direction and purpose so as to accomplish a mission without being easily rattled by problems that arises. One who leads has to have the proper discipline to be a great leader. With these words sergeant who lead me also feel that I’m a great leader with the proper discipline to lead. Duty: Obligatory task, conduct service or functions that arise from ones position; assigned service or business. Defined by Webster]. At each level of authority soldiers have certain responsibilities or duties that they must fulfill. Duty begins with everything required of you by law, regulation, and orders but it includes much more than that. A duty is a legal or moral obligation. Duties are assigned at different levels rank for set reasons. As a private or non-NCO you may not hold as many responsibilities compared to an NCO, which can hold nu merous amounts of duties that all are required to be fulfilled in a timely manner. Responsibilities: The quality or state of being responsible. [Defined by Webster]. Responsibilities are set to enforce task and make sure they are carried out properly. They are set for a numerous amounts of reasons. Some responsibilities are set to see how well an individual performs under certain task, time limits. Others may be set to get a task or chore done. All of these things combined are qualities that make or break a soldier. If you lack one the possibilities are great that you may lack another. How to cite Military: Leadership and Discipline, Essay examples Military Leadership and Discipline Free Essays Discipline Leadership Responsibilities and Duties Importance to the Military Discipline: Training that corrects, molds or perfects the mental facilities or moral character; the discipline to a superior authority. [Defined by Webster]. Discipline to me means that you are capable of accepting the norms. We will write a custom essay sample on Military: Leadership and Discipline or any similar topic only for you Order Now You respect the commands given from a higher authority or the leader in charge. Training your mind to think in a routine way of life, being able to accept the responsibilities of what you do and/or don’t do. In the world of the military discipline is a major factor. It defines your future and what you do or how your career will turn out. Max Anders says, â€Å"Only the disciplined ever get really good at anything. † Everything in life requires some sort of discipline. Whether it is hitting a baseball, climbing a mountain, playing a musical instrument, making good grades or brushing your teeth it all comes down to a matter of discipline. The core of a superior soldier is said to be moral disciple. Morals are principles and beliefs concerning rights and wrongs of behavior). Discipline tends to be important because it is the basis of todays and yesterday’s soldiers. In the Army discipline comes in many forms and fashions: PRT, drill and ceremony, basic commands given, routine life, training the body, etc. Discipline is something you need to have to live a military life and be successful. Leadership: the position or function of a leader; a person who guides or directs a group; the ability to lead. [Defined by Webster]. A leader in the military life is usually the most â€Å"squared-away† soldier. One that had the discipline to know and correct another when one needs help or is the wrong. I feel that when it comes to the military one who is a soldier has to have discipline. You can not be a leader and not have the discipline to lead a group/platoon to success. Leadership means you have the discipline to maintain yourself as well as the rest following you. Being in a leadership role means that you are capable of leading by direction and following direction at the same time. As a leader you should never have the ones you are leading do something you yourself would not do. You have to lead as being lead. â€Å"Never forget that no military leader has ever become great without audacity. If the leader is filled with high ambition and if he pursues his aims with audacity and strength of will, he will reach them in spite of all obstacles. † As quoted by Karl von Clausewitz. Leadership and discipline go hand and hand in the army. I feel that you can not have one without the other. Along with that goes the Army core values. With the right discipline noticed by the right sergeant/officer you are most-likely to be a leader of a platoon or group given. Both topics are important to the military way of life without these 2 subjects the army would have no foundation. Soldiers in the leadership position guide the platoon to a successful mission. Soldiers with the right discipline tend to lead the mission to victory. Without the 2 come many consequences: loss of rank; money, leadership positions, suspension etc. Personally I feel that a great leader has discipline. Being a leader without discipline you have nothing. Being a good leader to me means that you leave your mark on the ones who follow you. When another leader comes to charge, the soldiers that you have lead will know if that leader is good or not based on the path left behind. â€Å"The final test of a leader is that he leaves behind him in other men the conviction and the will to carry on. † – Walter Lippmann, 1889-1974. A good leader will continue to lead weather they are in a leadership position or not. As said before it is a basic foundation to get the mission completed. The military’s discipline is also know and having military bearing, knowing where to act in accordance. Commissioned officers and officers would have to make swift decisions in the battlefield that may affect the lives of their soldiers. In a world of chaos, their subordinates are relying on their leaders to make the right decision and trusting that those big decisions made is the best out of all the options given. Leaders should be able to make these big decisions with all his confidence projecting out with his military bearing. A leader should look like a leader, disciplined, confident, and has the skills and abilities to persuade and provide their subordinates with the motivation, direction and purpose so as to accomplish a mission without being easily rattled by problems that arises. One who leads has to have the proper discipline to be a great leader. With these words sergeant who lead me also feel that I’m a great leader with the proper discipline to lead. Duty: Obligatory task, conduct service or functions that arise from ones position; assigned service or business. Defined by Webster]. At each level of authority soldiers have certain responsibilities or duties that they must fulfill. Duty begins with everything required of you by law, regulation, and orders but it includes much more than that. A duty is a legal or moral obligation. Duties are assigned at different levels rank for set reasons. As a private or non-NCO you may not hold as many responsibilities compared to an NCO, which can hold nu merous amounts of duties that all are required to be fulfilled in a timely manner. Responsibilities: The quality or state of being responsible. [Defined by Webster]. Responsibilities are set to enforce task and make sure they are carried out properly. They are set for a numerous amounts of reasons. Some responsibilities are set to see how well an individual performs under certain task, time limits. Others may be set to get a task or chore done. All of these things combined are qualities that make or break a soldier. If you lack one the possibilities are great that you may lack another. How to cite Military: Leadership and Discipline, Papers

The Holy Experiment free essay sample

The Holy experiment William Penn holy experiment is to create a colony on the principle of self- government, religious toleration, and brotherly love. William Penn make a government which can run with the law of the people. Pennsylvania first constitution organized the government into three parts: the governor, the seventy two member of provisional council, and general assembly with two hundred member. While the proprietor held his office by hereditary, the council and assembly were elected by the freemen of the colony.Therefore, redeem of election was extended to virtually all free inhabitant, regardless of whether or not they were landholder. Also, the law of Pennsylvania will be followed by all the people because people help make these rules. For instance, he said that if men are good the government cannot be bad. If men are bad, they will destroy government. Thus positive view Of human nature formed the structured of pen government. We will write a custom essay sample on The Holy Experiment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page William Penn establish an unusual colony dedicate to the principle of religious toleration.The frame of government guarantee the freedom of elision. For instance, all people could worship freely, as they choose. Pennsylvania would be open to people of all religions persuasion, not only Quakers. Also, in this colony people will not made to do anything forcefully against their religious belief. For Example, in 1681 Penn ship carry 50 men and 50 women with different religions group like Quakers, Anglican, protestant, Jews and others in which people can choose their own religion and worship freely. So Pennsylvania was a heaven Of religion freedom for ewe settler The principle of brotherly love was at the heart of Peens holly experiment. Penn decided to treat Indian as friends. For instance, instead of stealing land from the Indian, as Puritan did, William Penn treated them as equal and negotiated purchases from them at fair prices. He respected the Counterattacks, Shawn and Lenin-Lena nation so much that he learned their language. Also, Pennsylvania had learned to adjust to the religions diversity for the colony, for instance smaller number of English Methodist.

Persuasive portfolio of Net

Piece One Chosen Service: Net-A-Porter, an online luxury fashion retailer (Net-A-Porter 2013).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Persuasive portfolio of Net-A-Porter and Samsung Smart TV specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Target Audience: Online female customers, 18-55 years old. These women belong to the middle and upper-middle social classes, the customers are employed, and they have little time for shopping. The potential and existing female customers pay much attention to their look and appearance. The proposed piece is the 1-page advertisement which can be published in the magazines for women. Visuals: The provided visual is the high-quality photograph. The young woman worn the luxurious evening dress, a hat with feathers, and long gloves is depicted lying on a white sofa and looking directly into the lens. The woman is smiling. The colors and tones of the dress, hat, and gloves are purple. The background is da rk, with the focus on using dark-red and dark-purple colours, but it is possible to notice the elements of luxury in the room’s interior. On the right, there is a window. The white snow can be observed through the window. It is also possible to notice a laptop on the low table near the sofa because this modern laptop disharmonises with the whole picture and its style. The company’s logo is in the upper left corner of the page; the headline is centred on the page top. The body copy is presented in columns at the foot of the page. Copy: Headline: â€Å"Luxury is the must-have for your winter†. Body copy: â€Å"Net-A-Porter is the world-leading online fashion retailer which makes your days full of comfort and luxury because it is the first online retailer which combines the elements of luxury with the idea of comfort for women.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn Mo re Serving for women’s interests in the industry more than ten years, we know what women want to emphasise their elegance and to save their time. While visiting the Net-A-Porter website, the world of style and high fashion becomes closer, and luxury becomes your must-have with one click. Take a chance to make your winter warmer and more luxurious!† Explanation of Persuasive Techniques: The persuasive character of the piece is based on appealing to the target audience’s emotions. Thus, the main rhetoric appeal used in this form of the marketing communication is the pathos. The advertisement is effective to influence the female desire to receive the access to luxury in relation to fashion and style. The visual serves to develop the image of a successful woman for whom luxury related to clothing and style is something usual and available with the help of the Internet resources. The contrast in presenting the luxurious interior and dress along with the modern lapto p emphasises the idea of the fashion’s availability for each woman with the help of one click, as it is accentuated in the body copy. The observed contrast adds to appealing to the female customers’ emotions because they are expected to choose the online retailer as their source for high fashion items. The representatives of the target audience are expected to become interested in the high-quality photograph and to determine the connections between the idea of luxury and Net-A-Porter as the online luxury fashion retailer (Dahlen, Lange, Smith 2010, p. 103). The next step to affect the target audience’s behaviour is the manipulation of the notions typical for the fashion industry and observed in the magazines to develop associations. Thus, the headline states that â€Å"Luxury is the must-have for your winter†. ‘The must-have’ is associated with items which are discussed as fashionable during the certain season. The headline uses the pathos t o appeal to the women’s emotions and to make them believe that ‘luxury’ available with the help of Net-A-Porter resources is rather fashionable and popular during this winter. The combination of the pathos, ethos, and logos appeals is observed in the body copy of the advertisement. The logos and ethos appeals are used together to support each other in such a sentence as â€Å"Serving for women’s interests in the industry more than ten years, we know what women want to emphasise their elegance and to save their time†.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Persuasive portfolio of Net-A-Porter and Samsung Smart TV specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The appeal to credibility depends on describing the company’s experience with the help of providing the years of working within the industry. Moreover, this appeal serves as the argument for the next part of the sentence to appeal to the reason and logic. Thus, the company has the great experience in the industry and can satisfy the women’s needs appropriately. The phrase that â€Å"we know what women want to emphasise their elegance and to save their time† sounds confidently and assertively while contributing to the idea of the company’s credibility and expertise in relation to retailing high-quality products online. The open call to action based on the pathos is provided in the final sentence where the potential customers are asked to take a chance and make their winter warmer and more luxurious with references to the central idea of combining luxury and comfort aspects. Piece Two Chosen Service: Samsung (Smart TV) (Samsung Smart TV 2013). Target Audience: The existing customers who choose Samsung technologies and potential female and male customers who orient to choosing innovation, 21-50 years old. The customers are interested in new technologies and innovations in the sphere of television and Internet. The customers are also interested in Samsung products and the company’s research and development’s base. The proposed piece is the street billboard which can be copied as the advertisement for newspapers and magazines. Visuals: The background of the billboard is the cosmic space with sparkling stars and vivid meteors presented in dark-blue tones. The logo of the company is provided in the upper left corner. The headline is provided in bold caps at the top of the page.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The body copy is presented in a bullet form at the foot of the page, on the left. Multiple colourful images of modern TV sets are depicted as making a powerful space hopper. The image is located at the center of the billboard. Copy: Headline: â€Å"Power is in smartness: Widening the horizons with Samsung Smart TV†. Body copy: â€Å"- Samsung Smart TV is the new remarkable stage in the development of television and Internet technologies. Samsung Smart TV is based on knowledge and innovation. Samsung Smart TV is the source of power for you. Samsung Smart TV is your opportunity to widen the horizons and focus on new perspectives†. Explanation of Persuasive Techniques: The billboard works to persuade the target audience to choose Samsung products because the message is based on the AIDCA principle. The target audience consisting of men and women of 21-50 years old is expected to pay attention to the large and rather vivid billboard with the well-known company’s l ogo and bright image demonstrating the space hopper. The attention to the image of the space hopper made from TV sets using Samsung Smart TV is based on its unrealistic character. The next stage to persuade the target audience is in evoking the interest to the product. The headline works to provoke the customers’ interest with references to the ideas of power, smartness, and widened horizons. These concepts are closely associated with the people’s interests, needs, and desires. At this stage, the advertisement depends on the pathos because of appealing to the customers’ emotions and desires to become smarter, more powerful, and to learn more without being restricted by external forces. Furthermore, the target audience becomes more convinced that Samsung technologies can provide people with extreme opportunities in relation to power, knowledge, and smartness because the word ‘smartness’ is associated with the technologies’ name, Samsung Smart TV. This stylistic tautology serves to emphasise the meaning of Samsung Smart TV for creating the customers’ knowledge base and for widening their horizons with the help of these technologies. According to the AIDCA principle, the next stages are the stimulation of the customers’ desire to purchase the product and the call to action. Following the format of the billboard, the body copy information is provided in the bullet form in order to draw the target audience’s attention to the most important benefits and advantages of the product. In this case, the repetition of the product’s name at the beginning of the sentences as the anaphora also serves to draw the audience’s attention to the list of product’s advantages. The ideas listed in the bullet form reflect the idea presented in the headline while intensifying the persuasive effect (Yadin 2001, p. 38-42). From this point, all the rhetorical devices and communication techniques are combined to capture the attention and to produce the strong effect on the target audience. Reference List Dahlen, M, Lange, F, Smith, T 2010, Marketing communications: a brand narrative approach, John Wiley Sons, USA. Net-A-Porter 2013, https://www.net-a-porter.com/ua/en/. Samsung Smart TV 2013, https://www.samsung.com/us/. Yadin, D 2001, Creative marketing communications, Kogan Page Publishers, USA. This report on Persuasive portfolio of Net-A-Porter and Samsung Smart TV was written and submitted by user Jordyn D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Greek Winter Solstice Celebrations in Honor of Poseidon

Greek Winter Solstice Celebrations in Honor of Poseidon Solstice (from the Latin sol sun) celebrations honor the sun. At the summer solstice in late June, there is no dearth of the sun, so celebrants just enjoy the extra hours of daylight, but by the winter solstice in late December, the days are much shorter as the sun sets earlier. Winter solstice celebrations often include two activities related to the failing sun: producing light and enjoying the cover the darkness provides. Thus, it is common for winter solstice celebrations to include candle lighting, bonfire creation, and drunken debauchery. Poseidon and the Winter Solstice In Greek mythology, the sea god Poseidon is one of the most lascivious of the gods, producing more children than many other gods. Greek calendars varied from polis to polis, but in some Greek calendars, a month around the time of the winter solstice is named for Poseidon. In Athens and other parts of ancient Greece, there is a month that roughly corresponds with December/January that is named Poseideon for the sea-god Poseidon. Despite the fact that the Greeks were the least likely to sail during these months, they held a celebration in Athens called Posidea to celebrate Poseidon. Haloea and Womens Rites At Eleusis there was a festival called Haloea on the 26th of the month Poseideon. The Haloea- a festival for Demeter and Dionysus- included a procession for Poseidon. The Haloea is thought to have been a time for merriment. There is mention of a womens rite in connection with this holiday: Women are provided with wine and food, including cakes in the shapes of sexual organs. They withdraw to themselves and exchange scurrilous banter, and are teased with suggestions of promiscuity whispered in their ears by the priestesses. [p.5] The women are thought to have stayed secluded throughout the night and then to have joined the men the next day. While the women were off eating, drinking, and sounding much like the women of Lysistrata, the men are thought to have created a big pyre or a bunch of little bonfires. Poseidonia of Aegina The Poseidonia of Aegina may have taken place in the same month. There were 16 days of feasting with rites of Aphrodite concluding the festival. Like the Roman festival of Saturnalia, the Poseidonia became so popular it was extended so that Athenaeus makes it 2 months long: In sum, the celebrants feast to satiety, then turn to lascivious teasing. What is the ritual purpose of such conduct? It obviously suits Poseidons mythical reputation as the most lustful of gods, who far surpasses Apollo and Zeus in the number of his liaisons and his offspring. Poseidon the seducer is god of springs and rivers[...] Source Poseidons Festival at the Winter Solstice, by Noel Robertson, The Classical Quarterly, New Series, Vol. 34, No. 1 (1984), 1-16.

Aortic Grafts

A paper which examines the diagnosis and treatment of an aortic graft to a duodenum fistula as a cause for upper GI bleeding. This paper examines the connection between an aortic graft to a duodenum fistula as a cause for upper GI bleeding. Generally, aortic grafts are used to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms. The paper defines aortic aneurysms as a weak area in the wall of the abdominal aorta, the artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The paper concludes that aortic grafting can be a major cause of GI bleeding as an after effect of treating an abdominal aortic aneurysm and a method of treatment requires replacement of the stent-graft. Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms may require surgery but for some patients, a new non-surgical treatment called stent-graft repair can be performed. The following is the results of a prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter clinical trial that compared endovascular stent graft exclusion of abdominal aortic aneurysms with open surgical repair. During an 18-month period, 250 patients with infrarenal aneurysms underwent treatment at 12 study sites. 190 patients underwent endovascular repair using the Medtronic AneuRx stent graft (Sunnyvale, California), and 60 underwent open surgical repair. There was no significant difference in operative mortality rates between the groups. The patients who underwent stent grafting had significant reductions in blood loss and days in the intensive care unit and in the hospital, with an earlier return to function. Primary technical success at the time of discharge for the patients with stent grafts was 77%, largely as a result of a 21% endoleak rate. At one month, the endoleak rate had decreased to 9%.

Health Economics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Health Economics - Research Paper Example This means that most firms sampled that remained in business lies below the mean rating of the ratio of current assets and current liabilities. The median is greater than the mean. Furthermore, it is noted that there is an outlier in the data with a firm showing a ratio of 0.23. The distribution is also spread wide as shown by low kurtosis value and longer range. On the other hand, the shape of the distribution for firms that failed is positively skewed. The data gathered showed that most firms that failed are above the mean. The distribution is also peaked and shorter ranged. b) To test the hypothesis that failed firms have a lower ratio of assets to liabilities, the statistical procedure conducted is t-test. A null hypothesis is first created. The null hypothesis would be that the ratio of current assets and liabilities has no effect on the success or failure of the firm. If the data departs from the null hypothesis, then our alternate hypothesis that failed firms have a lower ratio of assets to liabilities will be correct. Below are the data for the t-test. The results as shown by the table above indicated that there is a significant difference in the assets to liabilities ratio between the firms that remained and the firms that failed at the 0.05 level. ... The distribution is also peaked and shorter ranged. b) To test the hypothesis that failed firms have a lower ratio of assets to liabilities, the statistical procedure conducted is t-test. A null hypothesis is first created. The null hypothesis would be that the ratio of current assets and liabilities has no effect on the success or failure of the firm. If the data departs from the null hypothesis, then our alternate hypothesis that failed firms have a lower ratio of assets to liabilities will be correct. Below are the data for the t-test. t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances Alpha = 0.05 Firms that Remained Firms that Failed Mean 1.73 0.82 Variance 0.41 0.23 Observations 68 33 Pooled Variance 0.35 Hypothesized Mean Difference 0 df 99 t Stat 7.172 P(T

Chinese Popular Culture Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Chinese Popular Culture - Term Paper Example Chinese great political icons like Mao have changed the social, political and cultural outlook of the country. Today China has surpassed major nations in economic development, education and technological advancement. Once a poor nation, China now has a population indulge in modern cars, technological gadgets, meat – based diet and luxury clothing. Moreover, the Chinese media has evolved in to dynamism that has transformed the day to day life of people of the nation. â€Å"The embrace of a market economy, with all its attendant risks, has forced the development of new governmental and social policies to stabilize China’s social structure through the conceptual category of the ‘middle class†. Today, China has become a world competitor and the super powers of world are looking up to China to understand their excellence in hard work, political strategy and social reform. Chinese Popular Culture The Chinese popular culture had been anchored due to the open door policy implement by the country in the 21st century. As per (Latham 20)â€Å" Since the open door policy and economic reform in mainland China in the 1980s tension between the two Chinese territories have gradually esed†.Westernization is the key aspect behind Chinese popular culture as new generation is imitating West in their daily life. China has a lasting cultural heritage and the emerging China is more on a conflict on adopting whether to adopt western or Chinese culture. According to (Wu 2)â€Å" With their different positions and experiences in the world, China and the west cannot establish the same culture tradition†. The Chinese popular culture has transformed its population into diverse and intensely sophisticated class. Chinese people are influenced more by popular culture rather than politics of their country. They have shifted their interest to fashion, luxury, comfort and globalization. For example, one of the examples of Chinese popular culture is hero w orship where in sports icon and other celebrities are admired overly. They worship domestic celebrities, whether it is sports, movie, music or art related. As per (Ren) â€Å"In the business realm, Chinese heroes have also arisen to carry the torch of China’s aspirations. People like Li Yan Hong and Robin Li, founders of Baidu.com, or famed entrepreneur Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba group, which owns the most popular e-commerce sites, or Pan Shiyi and wife Zhang Xin, the Donald Trumps of China†. Another example of it is the upsurge of fast food outlets in big cities of China. People have started to adapt to international fast food chains like KFC , Mc Donalds and Pizza hut in their attempt to align with western culture. Chinese Media and Popular Culture In Chinese media legacy, the Chinese writing, paper money, printing process and lithography has a prominent role to play. Preceding mass media, hand writing and printing were the main source of communication in China and as technology progressed, electrical, technical and mechanical devices replaced it. As far as Chinese history is considered, two forms of media that has shaped Chinese people’s lives are radio and computer. Radio has been the media which has influenced Socialist China greatly. In socialist China, wired radio, loud speakers and radio

The impossibility of war Essay Example for Free

The impossibility of war Essay Mr Birling uses the word duty frequently. A duty is normally something people do for legal or moral reasons, something which bind them to their obligation. Birling has no legal obligation to keep labour costs down; presumably then he sees it as a moral obligation.  Mr Birling has little or no imagination and seems blind both to consequences of his actions, and to the events in the larger world. He makes predictions about the future the unsinkability of the Titanic; the impossibility of war; and the promise of technology which would have been believed by many in 1912, but which would have seemed laughably optimistic to the audience in 1945. At no point in the play does Mr Birling take any blame for his actions, I cant accept responsibility. And I am nothing whatever to do with that wretched girl suicide. He shows no remorse.  Birling is proud of his status; he and his wife set great store by his public offices and privileges. So sensitive is Birling about such matters that he feels a little uneasy about Gerald Croft marrying his daughter, sensing that Geralds parents may feel that their son is marrying beneath himself. At the end of the play the possibility that he may be deprived of his knighthood upsets him far more than anything else does. Mr and Mrs Birling see themselves as upholders of all the right values and of the guardians of proper conduct. But both are exposed as self-centred and essentially heartless. They begin to try and put the Inspector in his place, through emphasising their own position in society. Both try to hide, or hide from the uncomfortable truths. As Eric points out his father is useless in a real crisis.  It is plain that Birlings motives are not to save Eric from being found out, but to protect himself from social scandal. To do this, he is prepared to he is prepared to distort or ignore the truth. He is blind to thus hypocrisy, and indifferent when it is pointed out. Just before the end of the play he argues that the whole thing is different now, and congratulates himself on having avoided a scandal. Provided their public reputation is safe, people like Mr and Mrs Birling will never change. Mrs Birling is even more hard-faced and arrogant than her husband. She is introduced as his social superior and her manner indicates that she is very conscious of social position, especially her own. Mrs Birling also exploits her position in society to feel in control. Eva went for assistance when she knew she was to have a child. Eva went to the Brumley Womans Charity Organisation for help. The chair of the organisation was Mrs Birling, who slammed the door in her face. Mrs Birling takes no blame at all for this cruel and vile behaviour. She in response says, I was justified. In act one, Sheila accuses her brother Eric of being somewhat drunk, Youre squiffy. Mrs Birlings reaction shows her sense of propriety, she feels that it was very inappropriate of Sheila to say that. Mrs Birling will not believe Eric drinks, you dont get drunk. She chooses not to accept that her son might have a drinking problem. Mrs Birling will not hear anything which could tarnish the Birlings image. She deliberately blind to anything she does not wish to see. She is in complete denial about Erics problem. Mrs Birling takes no responsibility for her childrens actions and therefore would not accept blame for somebody she does not know like Eva Smith. Her concern shared by her husband that Sheila should not be exposed to unpleasant things that suggests that she regards her daughter as a child. Mrs Birling does not want Sheila to hear the truth and tries to get her to leave the room.  Youre looking tired, dear. I think you ought to go to bed.  It could be argued that Mrs Birling has good intentions and is protecting Sheila from the truth, however I do not believe this is the case. Mrs Birling has little respect for Sheila and thinks nothing more of her than a hysterical child. Mrs Birling is a very controlling woman, who does not like the fact that Sheila is developing her own opinions. Sheila sometimes behaves immaturely because she has been brought up without being allowed to develop her own opinions and personality. Only after the Inspector calls does Sheila realise that her mother is wrong. Mrs Birling is to blame for Evas death, as she is a controlling person who abused her power to deny Eva the help she needed. Perhaps only did why she did this, was because she could. In the play each character uses language and speaks in a manner that helps to reveal his or her personality. In Mrs Birlings case, her choice of words reflects her superior and snobbish attitude. Mrs Birling expects others to show her respect and to defer to her opinions. She resents being contradicted, even when caught telling outright lies by the Inspector. When exposed to criticism, Mrs Birling retreats behind words like respectable, duty, and deserving. She seems to feel that she is qualified to judge what such words mean. Mrs Birling describes the inspector as, a trifle impertinent. The Inspector is of a lower class to the Birling family and Mrs Birling is obviously prejudiced against him. Mrs Birling uses complicated words to belittle the Inspector, she feels he should know his place. Mrs Birling treated the Inspector in a similar manner as she treated Eva. She could not see how the death of a lower-class person could be of any interest to the Birlings. Therefore, Mrs Birling is partly to blame, as she did no give Eva any help or show any compassion because she was judgmental and prejudiced against her. Mrs Birling accepts no blame for the death of Eva Smith at any point in the play. She is however willing to blame others. Mrs Birling firstly blames, the girl herself and secondly the young man who was the father of the child. Mrs Birling is blind to the dramatic irony of what she is saying; she is condemning her so without even realising it. The Inspector calling had no positive affect on her at all. I think the Inspectors call only served to harden her attitude.  In the play the inspector is portrayed as the voice for all Eva and John Smiths of the time. Society at the time of 1912 exhibited huge social divisions and for people like Eva Smith life was very hard. The Inspector is an enigment figure. He neither changes nor develops but frequently repeats: I havent much time. Inspector Gooles name is obviously a pun on ghoul, a spirit or ghost. The stage directions talk of an impression of massiveness, solidity and purposefulness. There is an air of menace about him and, unlike all the other characters; he does not deviate from his moral position.  Sometimes the Inspector behaves as the voice of social conscience: You see, if theres nothing else, well have to share our guilt. He points out that social responsibilities have become greater as privileges increase. Significantly, the Inspector himself neither forgives nor punishes. Each character is made to face up to the fact that they must find the courage to judge themselves: only then will they have learnt enough to be able to change. The play points out the need for a sense of personal responsibility in every member of society. Responsibility not only for individual actions, but also for the way actions affect others. Different characters react to their guilt in different ways, when it is revealed to them. Not all show remorse or shame, and some are so hardened that they refuse to accept that remorse is appropriate. I can therefore conclude that society is to blame. In 1912 people did not care enough about one another.

Nihilist Philosophy Essay -- Analysis, Ivan Turgenev

Ivan Turgenev’s Fathers and Sons takes place in midnineteenth century Russia. Throughout the text Turgenev explores the pros and cons of the nihilist philosophy and how nihilism, coupled with the presence of generational and class based animosities, affects the greater Russian identity. Properties of nihilism are examined and tested as the characters encounter aristocratic lifestyles and the redeeming power of love. The female characters in Fathers and Sons represent a wide range of socioeconomic positions and temperaments, these women test the thinking of the nihilists by their propensities towards emotion, order, feminism, shyness, and propriety. This exploration of gender roles and the balance of power between women and the men that they control is subject to their ascribed classes and the relationships they hold. These women fall into two major categories: the autocratic and the dependent. The aristocratic â€Å"mothers† and dependent â€Å"daughters† of Fath ers and Sons bring about the reevaluation of Bazarov and Arkady’s nihilistic beliefs and furthermore utilize their feminine qualities to manipulate the men in their lives. The aristocratic women or rather the â€Å"mothers† enjoy the benefits of wealth and high society and use their perspective abilities to influence men. These women portray three very different kinds of female roles. Arina Barzarova the selfless caretaker, Evdoksya Kukshina the independent feminist, and Anna Odintsova who is both guardian and liberal, but all maintain emotional, social, and romantic control over the men in their lives. Arina Vlasevna Bazarova, the overly emotional mother of Enyushka Bazarova, is an intensely superstitious woman who â€Å"believed in all manner of omens, soothsayings, incantations, and pr... ... destroy and reinstate the bonds of family and Russian nationalism. Turgenev explores hoe this generational divide interacts with the division among classes and how the powers of the aristocracy affects the younger generation and feminine identity. Throught these interactions the power of love as redemption is seen in the relationship between Arkady and Katya as well as Anna and Bazarov. The women in Fathers and Sons symbolize the diversity found within the same class and generational margins these women challenge the men they encounter and cease power over their relationships. The struggle for power, between the sexes is dependent upon the roles and social standings of the perspective character. The female characters whether aristocratic or dependent, â€Å"mothers† or â€Å"daughters† find power in their gender and utilize their womanly intellect to find eventual resolve.

Life Is a Race Essay

Family as a Primary Group Social Problems Garelick August 2010 Family plays an important role in the life of every person and society as a whole. It is no surprise that at every new stage of development in our society, with every revaluation of values, the interest in the issues of family, morality and spirituality spikes. At the present time, in the complicated environments through which we weave our lives, the family remains a unique mediator between the interests of the individual and society and is in the epicenter of a major social upheaval. The transition to current market relations and with them the related apathy, and with the mpoverishment of the general population drastically came the turnaround in the view affecting the well-being of our families and their stability and potential for proper upbringing of the young. These, along with many other social instabilities, have led to a crisis of family values. The consequences of this crisis are bifurcations between the generations, the prevalence of reduced lifetime fertility and the growing number of single parents in the United States. If marriage, parenthood and kinship are what constitute family relations, at the present time we are witnessing a decay of this little tiny trinity. The problem is complicated by the fact that at present time, the institution of marriage is going through a transitional period. There is a certain destruction of the old traditional values of marriage, and the new have yet to be formed. Marriage and family are increasingly becoming more about individuals and their need for intimate satisfaction and informal communication, and less about structure and support of one another. Let us pinpoint and define Just where the family lays its essence within the complicated world of social institutions and in which groups, as defined by our text. In a broad sense, the concept of a social group is any social association of people, anything from peer groups to a population of a particular country. In sociology, this concept is used in a narrower sense as â€Å"any number of people with similar norms, values, and expectations who interact with one another on a regular basis† (Schaefer, 2009, p. 107). In general, members of a society feel like they belong to a group, and are also perceived by others as members of said group. To analyze the social structure of a society there must be items explored that ppear in all elementary parts of the given society, which incorporate all of the social perspectives. For this, I have chosen what is generally accepted to be the â€Å"primary group† (Schaefer, 2009, p. 110). The most successful definition, and essentially creation of the term, was created by â€Å"Charles Horton Cooley’ who â€Å"coined the term†¦ o refer to a small group characterized by intimate, tace-to-tace association and cooperation† (Scnaeter, 2 p. 110). In other words, primary groups are those in which individuals have personal interaction with one another. For example, classmates can be members of a primary roup, and the rest of the student body would then be members of a secondary group. From a social perspective of a â€Å"functionalist† for the normal operation of the human society we must consolidate certain types of social relations so that they become mandatory for members of a particular social group (Schaefer, 2009, p. 4). This primarily refers to those social relations in which, in order to obtain entry, members of a certain group must satisfy the most vital requirements needed for the successful functioning of the given group as an integrated social unit. For example, or the production of material comforts, people tend to perpetuate and secure a level of financial cushioning; this is also done for the upbringing of children, for unstrained family relationships, as well as for education and training for everyone involved. A symbolic â€Å"interactionist† would view the family process as a consolidation of social relations and a way to establish a system of roles and statuses, prescribing certain rules of conduct in a â€Å"social network,† and in defining a system of sanctions in case of a default by any of the individuals in the process of living out and following he given rules of conduct (Schaefer, 2009, p. 16/111). Social roles, statuses and sanctions are implemented in the form of social institutions that define sustainable patterns of behavior, ideas and incentives. Social institutions â€Å"are organized patterns of beliefs and behavior centered on basic social needs, such as replacing personnel† in the family setting (Schaefer, 2009, p. 113). Social institutions dictate how ideas and goals are perceived and defined by the system of standard social values, such as patterns of public behavior and the complicated systems of various social ties, i. e. he sets of roles and statuses through which a range of behavior is carried out and kept within certain limits. So, within the concepts of â€Å"social institution† and â€Å"social group† there is a significant internal difference. While the social group, whether primary or secondary, is a collection of interacting individuals, the social institution is a system of social relationships and social norms that exist in a particular area of human activity. However, it should be noted that these concepts are inseparable from each other, because a social institution is a set of relationships and systems of behavior, and is etermined ultimately by the needs of people. In other words, although the social institution creates social relationships and norms, there are people for whom these relationships are linked and carried out; the family is the perfect example of a social group that puts the rules in to practice. People organize themselves into different groups using institutional rules. Each institution includes many social groups that provide the overall institutional behavior. Consequently, institutions and social groups are interrelated, and it would be completely meaningless to separate these otions and study them separately. So, based on the foregoing, I conclude that the family is a social phenomenon that combines the features of a social institution and a primary group. The idea of the modern family arises from the desire to satisfy purely personal needs and interests ot individuals. According to structure-tunctionalists, â€Å"tn patterns of reciprocal obligations among people and between structures of people and the greater society define family. The greater society has needs that must be met; in order to meet those needs, society creates subsets of people structured to elp meet the needs of society. The family is one of those structures. The definition of â€Å"family† changes as the needs of the greater society change. When the greater society needs rapid population growth † after a time of war, for example † society’s definition of family emphasizes heterosexual bonding, procreation and child rearing; but when the greater society is faced with over-population and the need to limit population growth, society’s definition of family may be modified to include homosexual bonding and may be more supportive of childless couples† (Diem, 1997, As a primary group, the family connects the personal needs of the public interest, adapting to social relations, norms, and values that are accepted in our society. In other words, the family’s personal needs are sorted and organized on the basis of accepted societal values, norms and behavior patterns and, eventually, acquire the character of the social functions such as the regulation of sex, procreation, socialization, emotional satisfaction, status, safety, and economic security. From what I have gathered, the definition of family from a conflict perspective has een a highly discouraged and slightly controversial subject since family â€Å"is considered a sacred institution. As a result, support for research on conflict in the family has been discouraged† (Werner-Wilson, 1993, p. 6). And it would seem that a social institution of such prominence would not have a dark side from which can leap and bound toward freedom suppressed minorities. But for the sake of this essay, let us assume that if Karl Marx were to look at the institution of marriage, he would wave his well bearded nugget side to side disapprovingly. The idea of a traditional family as roots in male supremacy, and suppression of women’s rights. If only Karl Marx was not a man of the nineteenth century, but lived in present time. The ideal family includes: 1) a set of social values (love, for children), 2) public procedure (for the care of children, family rights and obligations), and 3) interlacing of roles and statuses (status and role of husband, wife, child, teenager, mother-in- law, brothers, etc. ), with the aid of which the family exists. Thus, the institution of family is a collection of certain bonds, rules and roles, which in practice are manifested into the activities of this individual primary group. We all know how great the importance of family is in everyday life, society and even in the political arena. After all, it is the family of each person that provides them with an inexhaustible source of love, devotion and support. The family lays foundation for morality, spirituality and tolerance. And it is the family that is recognized as the major reason for why cultural beliefs survive, are inherited and passed from generation to generation. It is a prerequisite for socialization and the lifelong study of social roles, basic education, skills, and behavior. A healthy, strong family is the basis of stability and prosperity of any society. The family is the foundation of all social institutions vis- ¤-vis the development of the family is ultimately the progress of society as a whole. But the world does not stand still, in its ever-changing atmosphere social institutions take on new meanings and the ideas ot marriage and tamily change witn the times. Marriage has ceased to be life-long and is losing its legitimacy: divorce, single parent families, broken hearts and bank accounts used to be exceptions, and are now becoming the norm. The vast majority of professionals such as philosophers, sociologists, psychologists, economists, and students of the modern school of thought, all agree that the family is going through a real crisis. The strength of family is being tested under the weight of total catastrophic failure that our society is facing; the deep nature of which is characterized by our flailing civilization. As a primary element of society, it gives a miniature image of the same contradictions that are inherent in our cultures. One of the most remarkable properties of the family is its flexible and dynamic orm of structural organization. Thanks to the universal ability to adapt to the peculiarities of the ever-changing world, the family has developed an enormous variety of types of family structures, sometimes adapting itself beyond recognition, but while keeping unchanged its essence as a social institution and a primary group. In addition, the family is created to meet any number and range of essential human needs. The family, therefore, in contrast to other social groups defines the very meaning of integrity and adaptability. Because of its multifunctional ability to ameliorate the physiological and sychological human needs, and its inclination toward self-organization and self- development the idea of family is able to combine all personal, collective and public interests into one little amiable ball with a gigantic potential for explosive cataclysm. The world is not static, it changes, and with it change its social institutions, and thus the family. Clearly, the family today, like society in general, is in deep cow dung. The strength of the family, its charm and vitality lie in the integrity that is inherent in the family idea and in the definition of the primary social group and social nstitution. The present era in which we have had this great pleasure of existing is different from any other in recorded history. Todays complex economic and social situations require a modern approach, which can often cause stress and depression, which have already become integral parts of our existence. Today is the time when the need is particularly great in having a safe retreat, a place of spiritual comfort. This safe retreat can be our family, its stability and strength can be built to withstand the widespread variability of the painful world. The family is something worth elebrating, and in celebrating ourselves we can go on further to build everything else that will try to destroy it.

Quality Management: Cathay Pacific Airways Essay

Introduction Cathay Pacific Airways is an international airline registered and based in Hong Kong, offering scheduled cargo and passenger services to over 80 destinations around the world. They are deeply committed to Hong Kong, where the Company was founded in 1946. They continue to make substantial investments to develop Hong Kong’s aviation industry and enhance Hong Kong’s position as a regional transportation hub. In addition to their fleet of aircrafts, these investments include catering, aircraft maintenance and ground handling companies, as well as their corporate headquarters at Hong Kong International Airport; Cathay Pacific and its subsidiaries and associate employ 25,000 staff in Hong Kong. The airline’s two major shareholders are both Hong Kong companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, as is Cathay Pacific itself. Cathay Pacific is the major shareholder in AHK Air Hong Kong Limited, an all cargo carrier that offers scheduled services in the Asia region, and is a shareholder in Hong Kong Dragon Airlines Limited. They are also a founding member of the one world global alliance whose combined network serves over 570 destinations worldwide. Other members of one world are Aer Lingus, American Airlines, British Airways, Finnair, Iberia, LanChile and Qantas. Quality Management Defined In a total quality setting, Quality is as determined by the customer and employees produce it. Thus quality of a service is the customer’s perception of the degree to which the service meets their expectations Six-sigma quality is a standard and a philosophy of customer satisfaction. The six-sigma philosophy requires an ongoing audit mechanism that identifies opportunities for improvement and changes in customer expectations. Emphasize the importance of customer satisfaction. Define a quality goals and objectives and translate these into actual service and service delivery activities. There are some types of goals and objectives need to consider. -To satisfy customers. -To encourage continuous improvement. -To respect social and environmental needs. -To foster a collective commitment to quality. -To improve the efficiency of service delivery. -To clearly define customer needs and expectations. -To look for opportunities to improve service quality. Define service quality responsibilities and give your personnel the authority to carry out these responsibilities. Make sure that senior management retains the responsibility for developing, measuring, auditing, and improving your service quality system. Various interviews and customer surveys conducted throughout the year, customers are invited to participate in the Cathay Pacific Voice of the Customer survey, conducted multiple times per year to determine where customers are satisfied and where they can improve. These survey results are then used to develop plans to act on your suggestions, improving the solutions and experiences customer get from Cathay Pacific. They greatly increased customer satisfaction with Cathay Pacific service. Customer Expectation In a total quality setting, customers define quality and employees produce  it. Customers were considered outsiders who used a company’s products and suppliers were outsiders who provided the materials needed to provide the good service. Every organization has both internal and external customers. An external customer is the one spoken to in the traditional definition. An internal customer is any employee whose work depends on that of employees whose work precedes theirs. Cathay Pacific Airways have much different kind of customers and with any age. Cathay Pacific have sponsor young people from Asia to attend a special ecological course in South Africa. Over 190 students from around the world have traveled here to study Chinese language and culture at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. In addition, they sponsor the student exchange programmers at the Chinese University of Hong Kong and the City University of Hong Kong respectively. Also they can be a businessperson or people who is going just for tourist. Each year Cathay Pacific sponsor wheelchair athletes from Hong Kong to compete in the 10km wheelchair race in Vietnam. The organization’s survival depends on the customer. Customers who are satisfied with the quality of their purchases from an organization become reliable customers. So customer satisfaction is essential. Providing high quality service ensures customer satisfaction. Companies have to look to customers when they set standards for measuring quality. Products and services need to be improved with time to meet the varying need of the customers. To clarify how customers perceive quality, there are summarizes the four foundations of perceived quality: Product Quality, Service Quality, Brand Image and Personal Cost. Customers perceive quality on the following basic tangible principles: 1. Performance 2. Features 3. Reliability 4. Serviceability 5. Durability 6. Appearance 7. Customer service Customers expect to have a best service with lower price. Therefore Cathay Pacific always believes in Service Straight from the Heart. From their front-line staff to those behind the scenes, the dedication of every person at Cathay Pacific remains the driving force behind our service. It’s about treating people as individuals and treating them like your best friend. They call it Service Straight from the Heart because it stems from within. Thus their staff led their personal lives in the same way they embrace their professional one with fervor, integrity and optimism This positive lifestyle may stem from an exercise regimen in the quest to stay fit and alert and always ready for the next big challenge and to deliver expectations. It could revolve around a continuous thirst for knowledge that leads to self-improvement and improving the lives of others. Or else it may be a personal passion for traveling that offers incredible insight on what makes an unforgettable travel experience. Reputation is something that can be good or bad for a Cathay Pacific by customers. It is built upon the competitive elements such as quality, reliability, delivery and price. Once a Cathay Pacific acquires a bad reputation for quality, it takes a very long time to change it. Reputations good or bad can quickly become national reputations. Customers tend to remember only the bad quality they receive. For example: If 99 % of flights arrives is on time, the customer will only remember the 1%  of flight arrives late. Quality and customer satisfaction may not be enough to hold on to customers. Cathay Pacific must also build relationships with customers. Customer retention is a more accurate reflection of an organization’s success than quality or customer satisfaction. Customer retention is affected by factors that the company can control, like service improvements, and factors that are controlled by the marketplace, like pricing flexibility. Strong relationships with customers can increase retention by asking customers the right questions, really listening to what they have to say, and providing feedback to them on the results of action plans. Quality and customer satisfaction are still very important, but customer retention should be the organization’s ultimate test of success. Customer satisfaction is achieved by producing high-quality services that meet or exceed expectations. The key to establishing a customer focus is to put employees in touch with customers so that customer needs are known and understood. Scholtes’s six-step strategy for identifying customer needs is as follows: speculate about results, develop an information gathering plan, gather information, analyze the results, check the validity of conclusions and take action. Customer needs are not static. Therefore, constant contact with customers is essential in a total quality setting. Whenever possible, this contact should be in person or by telephone. Written surveys can use, but they will not produce the level of feedback that personal contact can generate. Measuring customer satisfaction alone is not enough. Many customers who defect are satisfied. Cathay Pacific should measure customer retention. They should go beyond satisfying customers to creating value for them in every supplier customer interaction. Cost of Quality Cost of quality as defined by Crosby â€Å"Quality Is Free†, Cost of quality is the amount of money a business loses because its product or service was not done right in the first place. In early April, Cathay Pacific reduced their passenger capacity in response to the fall in passenger traffic arising from the SARS outbreak. They cancelled 45% of their passenger flights and parked 22 aircraft. The integrity of their network was maintained, although services to Fukuoka and Sapporo were temporarily suspended. This is the business loses by the suddenly SARS occur or a badly performed service, businesses lose money every day due to poor quality. Quality is the confluence of customer expectation and realization. It is essential that every organization is aware of the cost of quality, which awareness must. In Cathay Pacific, the lowest possible level of defects, which can be achieved only by an aggressive search for and elimination of the sources of error, is a prerequisite for an internationally competitive performance. There have four major areas of the cost of quality: Prevention, Appraisal, Internal Failure, and External Failure. Prevention involves costs of any effort to eliminate defects in service. When providing service, an excellent service with strong planning can certainly prevent the occurrence of errors and other problems down the line. Appraisal includes the cost of measuring, evaluating and auditing services to assure conformance with requirements. If a defect occurred on the assembly line, the defect was thrown out irrespective of the cost of materials and labor. Internal failure refers to costs required to evaluate or correct service not conforming to requirements prior to furnishing services. This could include rework, operations corrective actions, re-inspections, and labor losses. In Cathay Pacific, this can include the need for rescheduling different flights when they are interdependent and errors occur, e.g., in the computer system. Reports have to be rewritten. Other internal failure occurs when errors in  wrong data affect other departments within the Cathay Pacific. External failure refers to the cost of failure after furnishing services to customers. This includes complaints, liability, goodwill, and both lost sales and customers. If customers are lost, this type of failure is most expensive, especially considering that new customers are estimated to be five times as expensive to acquire as the cost to maintain existing customers. Quality Program The reason of SARS arising in early April, Cathay Pacific reduced their passenger capacity in response to the fall in passenger traffic. Cathay Pacific Airways have to implement preventive measures to guard against the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) at airports served, in provision of in-flight service, and related to its ground and in-flight personnel. In any business, also need to continuous improvement to keep survival in the world. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is an approach to continual improvement that brings customers into the design of services. It translates what the customer wants into what Cathay Pacific provides. A QFD matrix takes shape of a house. An example will show in the next page. QFD yields the following benefits to Cathay Pacific that is interested in continual improvement: customer focus, time efficiency, teamwork orientation and documentation orientation. QFD also makes use of several specialized tools including Affinity diagrams, which are used to promote creative thinking. The interrelationship diagraph is used to bring logic to the process of identifying relationships among ideas. The tree diagram identifies all tasks that must be accomplished to solve a problem. Matrix diagrams are used to identify connections among responsibilities, tasks and functions. Cathay Pacific can use QFD to closely monitoring the SARS situation in adjustments to its flight schedule, according to passenger demand. That’s why they can identify the problems of SARS and find out the solution to eliminating the problem happen occur again. Cathay Pacific can implement measures to guard against the spread of the SARS virus as follows: Protective measures for all staff in all functions: ?Wear surgical mask and latex gloves every time that work is conducted on the aircraft upon flight arrival from an affected country as determined by the World Health Organization (WHO). ?Check-in staff providing passenger service at airports in affected countries must wear surgical masks at all times when providing service provision. -After work has been completed, staff must cleanse their hands thoroughly with clean water and disinfecting soap. -Used surgical mask and latex gloves must be disposed of in a specifically designated container, labeled accordingly. -Disinfecting spray must be used on all flights returning from countries considered affected areas. Measures related to in-flight service provision: -Disinfecting spray must be used on flights departing from countries considered affected areas. -Cabin crew must observe passengers for SARS symptoms related to the respiratory system, such as high fever, coughing, sneezing, and provide surgical masks for passengers to wear. -Cabin crew must separate the passenger suspected to have SARS symptoms from other passengers, or separate the passenger in a designated area, and inform  the International Communicable Disease Control Office under Cathay Pacific, before the flight lands. Measures related to customer service: Check-in and boarding gate staff working at airports in Taiwan, Singapore, Vietnam, China ?in Hong Kong, must observe passengers for SARS symptoms. If passengers are observed to have high fever, coughing, and difficulty breathing, they must provide a doctor’s letter stating they are fit to travel. If the passenger does not have a doctor’s letter, the physician on duty at the respective airport must be contacted to examine the passenger with related symptoms. If there is any doubt to the nature of the passenger’s illness, the passenger may be denied boarding. Difficulties or Limitation Customer information is the most important for continuous improvement. We have to collect reliable information to identify the cause of problem. This is difficult to ensure all the information is reliable. Sometimes the information is according by the service-testing editor for magazine or newspaper gives the service a try and writes an article pointing out weaknesses. Customer information falls into two broad categories: feedback and input. Feedback is given after the fact. In Cathay pacific, this means after a problem has been occur. Feedback is valuable and should be collected. However, it comes too late in the process to help ensure that customer requirements are met. Input is obtained before the fact. In Cathay pacific, this means during the problem happening. Collecting customer input during service provides allows changes to be made before the worst problem occurs. Collecting input is more valuable than collecting feedback. Conclusion The outbreak in mid March of atypical pneumonia or SARS had a devastating impact on Cathay Pacific passenger business. The interim performance of Cathay Pacific Catering Services (H.K.) Limited was badly affected by the outbreak of SARS. The company implemented stringent cost controls. All overseas flight kitchens were impacted by SARS and also implemented cost control measures. SARS had little effect on the airfreight business and the company reported a satisfactory interim profit. Hong Kong Airport Services Limited reported an interim loss due to the large number of flight cancellations. After an air quality monitoring programmed, undertaken in aircraft cabins, showed that the air is of a good quality. A comprehensive programmed to sort and recycle paper materials such as newspapers and in-flight menu cards has been implemented on all inbound flights. The impact of SARS resulted in a concerted effort to reduce energy consumption in Cathay City. Measures taken include temperature adjustments, reduced lighting and restricted availability of lifts and escalators. We can see the SARS had a little effect to the Cathay Pacific. Hence they need to use QFD to continual improvement that brings customers into the design of services. It translates what the customer wants into what Cathay Pacific provides.

The Soldier by Rupert Brooke Essays

The Soldier by Rupert Brooke Essays The Soldier by Rupert Brooke Paper The Soldier by Rupert Brooke Paper Essay Topic: Literature Even though seems like one, The Soldier by Rupert Brooke is not a war poem which stresses the hideousness of the war. Instead it is a patriotic poem, written on the way to the battle, which is a time when patriotism usually reaches the peak. The speaker, presumably the soldier, shows his eternal love to England, by personifying it as this protective, caring mother like figure. Throughout the sonnet the extended metaphor of England as a mother develops, and it helps Brooke to show his love and patriotism evidently. Definite article of The in the title The Soldier shows us that the poem will be about a specific soldier, and it deceives the readers by making them think it is a war poem. The first line gives us much information about the sonnet and the narrator, as it clarifies the question marks created by the title; If I should die, think only this of me I and me show that the reader is the soldier. In addition to that, it also shows that the speaker is alive and he is about to make his last wish. In the following two lines, the forever love for England is introduced for the first time. Besides, it indicates that the speaker is on his way to the war at a foreign field which contains an alliteration of f which draws attention to the idea of distant and strange place where he might not be welcomed, as foreign is a word with negative connotations such as, strange, outlandish and unfamiliar. Subsequent lines demonstrate the building up of patriotism as the speaker starts to show the influence of his country on him as a person. In what rich earth a richer dust concealed; A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware, Gave once, her flowers to love, her ways to roam These lines contain personification of England and some constant repetition to emphasize ideas. In the first line of those three lines, the repetition of rich catches attention and shows the richness of English soil and Englishmen, as he is referring to himself in the phrase richer dust. England, and everything related to her, is conveyed as this superior figure with the help of the comparative of the word rich which already is a superior word only as a nominative. The extended metaphor of England as a mother to the speaker is first introduced here. England gives birth to him, shapes him and makes him aware, in other words takes care of him and educates him, which is what mothers do. England has given the speaker everything he has and made him what he is, thus he feels like it is his duty to go protect his mother. He is also enthusiastic about the fact that he has the chance to give something back to his country after everything she gave him. Therefore, he sees the war as a good opportunity which illustrates the poets naivety towards the war which in reality is not a glorious situation. The last two lines of the first stanza, some religious references are used to show that England is this holy figure in the speakers life. A body of Englands, breathing English air, Washed by the rivers, blest by suns of home. Washed by the rivers and blest by suns are strongly religious ideas. Washed and blest represent Christian baptism. Furthermore, air, sun and river represent the fundamental needs of life as well as being religious allusions. They are all granted to the speaker by England. The continuing personification of England, is linked to the extended metaphor hence helps the poet build up the mother like figure he created. Furthermore the poet draws this idyllic picture of England by using superior and pleasant words such as rich, river, and blest. The previous repetition of England and its belongings such as body of Englands and English air also help the poet illustrate the idealistic picture. In the sestet, there are no negative words; instead it is filled with positive and warm words. There are no war images at all. It focuses on the glory and honor of dying for ones country; therefore it is optimistic about dying in a battle, while fighting for your country. The sestet commences with the word And which reinforces the idea in the first line of the octet. The phrase And think gives the idea that he is trying to convince the reader that what he believes in, which is fighting and dying for your country, is true. To verify this idea, he expresses that if one will die for his country, his heart will be purified, which means that in death he will be purified from all mortal sins. Moreover, even though its jarring, the poet starts off the sentence with an And which is used to create the impact of this continuation idea as well as a link back to his original point which he makes at the beginning of the octet and gets ready to build his original point up. The continuation idea is related to the second line where he draws attention to the fact that even if he dies in the war, he will be remembered for what he has achieved and will keep on living as a heart beat in peoples thoughts and memories. The last three lines, is where the sonnet becomes optimistic and calm. The poet achieves this mood by using positive words such as; dreams, happy, laughter, friends, gentleness, hearts, peace and heaven. In addition to these optimistic words, the soft alliterations such as s sound and other sounds such as h and f sounds which are steady and calm, are used to emphasize the natural beauties of England. There is also the sense of success in these final lines. The poet is satisfied with the outcomes of the war, and doesnt regret it at all. Instead, he is pleased with his current feelings which celebrate the glory of England. There are religious allusions in the last two lines, just like there is at the end of the first stanza. Such words as, peace and heaven are religious. The phrase English heaven shows the reader that England is the holy side in this war. It also suggests that it s a good cause to side with England because then God will be on your side. Heaven is also a positive word which is linked to the general atmosphere of the war from the poets point of view. In addition, it indicates that soldiers who will die at a war, fighting for ones country, will go to heaven. Throughout this sonnet, the sincere and genuine tone was kept by the poet. He has full belief in the ideas he puts forward and argues them enthusiastically. Extreme patriotism is highlighted in this sonnet. The whole sonnet has an extended metaphor of England as the mot her of the speaker. She gave life to him, brought him up, and educated him. She provided him with the crucial needs of life and helped him survive like a mother would help her son. Because England was a mother to the speaker and she took care of him when he was young, he feels that it is his duty to protect England, his mother. Finally, to elucidate his message and his statement, Brooke chooses an unusual structure. Even though this piece is a sonnet there are no couplets, but it includes an octet and a sestet. The difference between them is that in the first stanza, the soldier describes his last will on his way to the war. The second stanza takes place in the future when he is dead and he describes what presumably will happen after hes gone. The traditional attitude, which is getting all patriotic about the war without questioning its causes and effects like this specific soldier, and the contrast in this stanza, is even though he dies, which is supposed to be a mournful event, to him it is something to be proud of, some sort of success and something which was crucial to accomplish.

The Globalization of the NFL case report Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Globalization of the NFL report - Case Study Example The present research has identified that one of the aspects of the current environment that is undeniable is fact that globalization has fundamentally impacted way in which individuals integrate with a good, product, or service. Many professional sporting activities, within the United States, understood the impact of globalization can have with regards to improving overall profitability. For instance, Major League Baseball is now broadcast in a handful of foreign markets and over 20% of all current players are foreign-born. This of course not only helps to improve ratings and profitability within a multicultural United States, it also helps to engender a further degree of interest with regards to nondomestic sports within the nation of origin that these sporting figures hail from. Although Major League Baseball has been chosen as a case in point, the same can of course be said with regards to the National Hockey League, the National Basketball Association, and a litany of others. As such, these domestic sporting associations have come to the realization that in order to ensure a level of continued and further profitability, it is necessary to continue to integrate with new viewers and stakeholders within the sporting process. In much the same way, the same levels of benefit can be enjoyed by the NFL is merely a set of determinants and key strategies are effectively engaged and met. Accordingly, the following analysis will seek to explain and elaborate briefly upon what some of the strategies might be. Firstly, it is necessary to recruit internationally for the National Football League. Even a cursory review of the NFL shows a situation in which nearly all draft recruits come directly from United States colleges. Although this has proven to be an effective strategy, the fact of the matter is that it does not engage any further participation with regards to the outside world. As such, a strategy for growth and the implementation of international recruiting for th e NFL could drastically increase the level of stakeholder participation of different individuals from far-flung reaches of the world might have with the sport itself. A further beneficial aspect is with regards to international market presence. One does not need to look far to realize that the National Hockey League, Major League Baseball, and indeed the NBA have international marketing presence within a host of nations around the globe. This marketing presence is not only helpful with regards to selling merchandise, it is also helpful with regards to generating overall interest in viewing and becoming an active stakeholder in the sport itself. Moreover, the proliferation of a market presence around the globe would directly increase the level of interest the different athletic programs would have been offering the sport to their youth stakeholders. Going hand in glove with this international market outreach, it is necessary to understand that a significant amount of money will be re quired with regards to advertising and promoting the National Football League within these diverse regions. As such, the actual mechanics of the process will involve, like any new business venture, the appropriation of necessary funding to penetrate these markets and engage the respective stakeholders at hand. Such a process will naturally not generate increased revenues directly; rather, it will integrate with the respective stakeholders within these international environments in the hopes of generating interest and further revenues in the very near future (Alcacer & Furey 5). However, even though such a plan might be somewhat expensive to engage when one considers return on investment in the very near future, the long-term benefits of engaging with the rest of the world and seeking to globalize the National Football League have far-reaching impacts with regards to the survival and profitability of the entity itself. Where is the National Football League has generated a great deal of interest and a vocal fan base within the United States, none of this would’ve been possible had it not been for the fact that

The brand has become the critical source of competitive advantage for Essay

The brand has become the critical source of competitive advantage for many hospitality organisations. Critically evaluate the importance of Human Resource Stra - Essay Example However, to create time for hospitality management to focus on the customer experience, means executives must free themselves from running the less-value added parts of the core business. This is often becoming difficult to achieve because of the volume of issues hospitality companies deal with today: The total guest experience is often more than a particular lodging or food service organization. For instance, customers may want to find other points of interest near their current lodging or dining location. By definition, a brand is a promise made by a company to its customers. This promise is a bundle of goods that includes the product, its related services and intangible elements such image. Essentially, the brand promise reassures the customers in the purchasing process: they know what it is they are buying and they know what they will get. In the hotel business, this notion is very important. When traveling, a customer will seek to eliminate as many unknowns from the process as possible. In planning the trip, the choice of the hotel becomes a key decision. Knowing beforehand where you are going and what you will be experiencing once you are there, substantially reduces stress. Therefore, a well recognized and defined brand stands to gain a substantial share of the traveler market compared to a local, unknown brand. Furthermore, the known brand can sustain a competitive advantage having attracted the traveler the first time around. If the brand met the customers expectation, there is little incentive to change the next time. So the notion of the hotel brand plays an important role in attracting customers and retaining loyalty. Branding begins with principles. And the brand experience is shaped by every action of every associate. Take the lead and help determine the guiding values that inform and shape every decision which impacts those associate actions.( Rick Hendrie, 2005) Though the hospitality industry maintains the brand,

Controversial Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Controversial - Research Paper Example mostly people who migrate illegally to other countries are mostly from third world counties to look for better lives in the developed countries for example the Mexicans migrate from Mexico and sneak their way into the USA statistics shows that more than twelve million immigrants live in the USA , but this can be a tough and a hard journey and it is not guaranteed that everybody will reach their destination some of them always end up dying because of cold weather and others fall in the rap of border patrols. Effects of immigration The effects of immigrants in the USA are: Economic theory states that there could be possible effects on the employment and wages of domestic workers, trade between USA and other countries, growth rate and the economy of the country, and the prices that Americans pay for goods and services. Given the broad range of these effects,. The evidence presented depends on theoretical understandings of the likely effects. This principal relies on discussion of immigr ation's likely impact on domestic labor markets. This treatment highlights the main understandings from economic analysis about the effects of immigration. While our primer is written principally for no economists, economists may also be fascinated in the panel's judgment about what the essential truths are. The level of crime has also increased due to illegal immigration. For example, in USA it is believed that Mexicans control the drug industry and they are also in gangs that commit crimes within the country. They gain entrance to the country and then they get fake documents and through this they commit a lot of crime in the country. In some countries, immigrants are the ones who plant bombs and leads to death of the citizens then they flee without trace How immigration can be controlled Various governments and experts have come up with different solutions. For example the Italian Interior Minister suggested a six month legal authorization that it hoped will stem the flow of illeg al immigration and at the same time reduces the cost on the part of the Italian government. The Minister estimates that with his suggestion many immigrants will come into the country through the government system fairly than through exploiting gangs. Also Swedish government has already specified that they will not limit the movement of immigrants through its borders when the new member states join the European Union. The governments stand is based on the European Union act that permits all members freedom of movement within member states. The Swedish government contemplates that the added labor coming from the eastern countries will develop the Swedish economy. It does not plan to limit movement but control it. Governments like the British, French and the Germans have called for tauter border controls with non-European member states. The trinity see this as the main way of regulatory the incursion of immigrants. Under the European Union legislation on immigration, immigrants are ess ential to apply for asylum at their first point of entry. The British government proposed having immigration and asylum centers outside the European Union were claims will be managed in one of those enroute countries. If the plan is largely accepted it is hoped that it will help redistribute more fairly the number of immigrants in Europe. Britain has long been the ideal choice of immigrants coming into the European Unio

Chinese Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Chinese Music - Essay Example In the historical context, Chinese music is one of the primal streams that have been present in the society for the longest time (Van 4). From the historical context, music has been one of the cultural aspects that have presented a serious and pleasurable opportunity for self-expression. The available information relates that the Chinese culture has existed solidly for over five years, a period through which music has remained a core pillar of the culture. Archeological evidence highlights that the Neolithic man living in china had a form of music because of the presence of musical instruments among other archeological artifacts. There are four distinct musical activities in the Chinese society. These included music for accompaniment, entertainment, ritualistic music, and music classes. Music for accompaniment accompanied dances such as lion, yingge, dragon, and chaozhou. In ancient china dynasties, people viewed music as the natural law and a moral force. Most of the time, those with musical talent strived to match their singing with the tunes produced in nature by birds and other objects. The Zhou dynasty also regarded music highly and Confucianism existing during that period had a set of songs that it taught. (5). However, the living principles of the Zhou dynasty did not support some of the music that was seemingly subversive to the moral principles that Confucianism taught. In Chinese tradition, music was one of the four foundational aspects of the society. Such regard for music compelled each feudal state to establish a set of music styles that defined its people. For the Zhou dynasty, it established a musical model for the succeeding dynasties because it had established court music. The model encompassed ritual and ceremonial music, musical education system, varying musical styles and music offices within the court. The prevailing political con ditions divided the dynasty into different competing dynasties that emphasized the role of music in the society. The Qin and Han dynasty had both court music and ritual music performed in courts. During the reign of these kingdoms, music expanded immensely. The different dynasties sought to incorporate certain musical aspects into the traditional Chinese music. This factor served to enrich the Chinese music through the integration of new musical aspects. Moreover, the prevailing Chinese music in the Han dynasty spread to the southern region of China (12). A new range of musical instruments emerged during the reign of the different kingdoms. The emerging music after integration with new musical aspects from non-indigenous sources exhibited new tonal variations. After the reunion of the Chinese society forming the Sui Dynasty, other changes emerged to define the court music system. This dynasty appreciated diversity and foreign musicians had the permission to perform and offer musical instruction. The music industry was becoming highly influential and exerting impact on the young people through the new employment openings. The most critical benchmark of music was the successful launching of the first music academy during the Sui dynasty. The role of this academy was to open up a training forum for the young to enhance

Operating Systems Tasks and Programming Lab

Operating Systems Tasks and Programming Lab Lab Activity 1 Operating Systems Tasks and Programming a) Future of operating systems. [Report on the future of operating systems here] b) Programming activity C++ #include using namespace std; int main() { ÂÂ   int id = 6669447; string name = Salman Mohammed Fazal; int counter = 0; for (int i = 0; i cout counter++; //increment counter if (counter == id[-1]) { //if counter = last character of ID cout counter = 0; //reset counter } } } JAVA public class test { public static void main(String[] args) { int id = 6669447; String name = Salman Mohammed Fazal; int counter = 0; for (int i = 0; i System.out.print(name.charAt(i)); //print character counter++; //increment counter if (counter == id[-1]) { //when counter is last character of ID System.out.println(); //new line counter = 0; //reset counter } } } } PYTHON name = Salman Mohammed Fazal id = 6669447 for i in range (0, len(name), int(id[-1])): #for every n characters print(name[i:i+ int(id[-1]))]) #slice and print string Code Outcome (same for all) Lab Activity 2 Linux Command Line (Commands and outcomes from a series of small tasks that require use of a number of Linux commands) How made Portfolio1 directory read/write/executable only for you and your group. That is, not for others.ÂÂ   Show evidence of this with ls command. How downloaded the script http://www.centerkey.com/tree/tree.sh to your home directory using wget and make it executable. Making Directories How created a 207se directory in your Portfolio1 directory. How created numbered directories for the labs. i.e. lab1 and lab2 etc. Evidence of transferring lab1 activity into appropriate directory Evidence of make directory activities using tree.sh Display todays date and using the cal command show the month that you were born. Move into the lab1 directory and use the appropriate command to show the current directory What is talk, write and wall are for The Talk command is used for exchanging messages with other users who are logged on the same network. The Write command is used to send messages to users in the same network. This one-way only. The Wall command is used to send messages to all the users in the entire network. This is limited to the admins only. ÂÂ  What command prevents the effects of those three commands from interrupting you. To prevent users from interrupting you, you can use the Mesg command. This command basically enables or disables users from writing to your terminal. Mesg y to Allow access and Mesg n to deny access. The song in song.txt. Using wc the number of words and lines in the file. Using grep to get the lines containing and and the number of the lines contain and in the document Use cat to show the contents of the file. Appropriate Linux command to see if the two files differ and how they differ. Use sort to sort the file and redirect the output to a new file called song2.txt Use sort and rev to reverse the sorted contents of song.txt and append the output to song2.txt Total memory used and the total memory available Find out how you can display your username on the screen. List the processes that are running. What are the differences between the Linux commands less, more and most. The more command works similarly to the cat command by displaying contents of a file, however the more command, you view bits of the text (a screenful), and is in a forward-scrollable manner. The less command is similar to the more command, however with this it is possible to scroll both, forward and backward. The most command is more like the less command, but the only difference is, it is possible to view several files at once with this command. The basic syntax for these commands are: more less Lab Activity 4 Bootloader Brief description of the Lab activity and what you did This weeks task was to create a bootloader using Assembly which included my student details and a triangle of dots. We then have to boot the bootloader with bochs. Boot pragma linux with bochs Make a bootloader that displays your student details and triangle Commented bootloader code to display your student details and triangle [BITS 16] [ORG 0x7C00] top: ;; Put 0 into ds (data segment) ;; Cant do it directly mov ax,0x0000 mov ds,ax ;; si is the location relative to the data segment of the ;; string/char to display mov si, msg call writeString ; See below jmp $ ; Spin writeString: mov ah,0x0E ; Display a chacter (as before) mov bh,0x00 mov bl,0x07 nextchar: Lodsb ; Loads [SI] into AL and increases SI by one ;; Effectively pumps the string through AL cmp al,0 ; End of the string? jz done int 0x10 ; BIOS interrupt jmp nextchar done: ret msg db Name: Salman Fazal,13,10, Email: [emailprotected], 13,10, Fav Module: 207SE ;), 13,10, DOB: 01/08/1996 21 ,13,10, Std ID: 6669447 ; Null-terminated times 510-($-$$) db 0 dw 0xAA55 Output from Bochs showing student details and triangle Lab Activity 6 Memory Management Memory Allocation Activities Due to the code outputs being too long, I have just snipped a portion of the result, however all of my answers match with the results in the code. * NULL = Memory address not allocated. First-Fit Best-Fit Worst-Fit Paging Activities FIFO 4 2 7 7 5 6 3 9 3 2 2 Page Entry 0 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 9 9 9 9 Page Entry 1 2 2 2 2 6 6 6 6 2 2 Page Entry 2 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 3 3 Page Fault F F F H F F F F H F H Page Fault Total: 8 4 2 7 7 5 6 3 9 3 2 2 Page Entry 0 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 Page Entry 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 Page Entry 2 7 7 7 7 7 9 9 9 9 Page Entry 3 5 5 5 5 5 2 2 Page Fault F F F H F F F F H F H Page Fault Total: 8 RANDOM 4 2 7 7 5 6 3 9 3 2 2 Page Entry 0 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 6 6 2 2 Page Entry 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 9 9 9 9 Page Entry 2 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 3 3 Page Fault F F F H F F F F H F H Page Faults Total: 8 4 2 7 7 5 6 3 9 3 2 2 Page Entry 0 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 9 9 9 9 Page Entry 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Page Entry 2 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 3 3 Page Entry 3 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 Page Fault F F F H F F F F H H H Page Fault Total: 7 The random algorithm did not give me the same result as the way I solved it. This is because There is no specific rule/method on what memory block to be replaced. Each time a process needs to be moved to a memory block, a random memory block is chosen in order to swap the process. Evidence of running code Lab Activity 7 Buffer Brief description of the Buffer Activity This weeks task involved using buffers in terms of reading and writing from a file Commented Buffer.c code #include //library for file control options #include //library for general purpose tools #include //header file #include //file IO #define BUF_SIZE 500 //sets buffer size to 500 #define OUTPUT_MODE 0700 //defines the output mode, sets file permissions int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { //Define variables int in_fd, out_fd; //hold associated numbers on both files int rd_size = 1; //hold amount of bytes in buffer (final should be 500) int wr_size; //hold amount of bytes on the output file char buf[BUF_SIZE]; //initialise buffer and its size if (argc != 3) //check for correct number of arguments exit(1); //exit if too many or too few parameters in_fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY); //open file to read from (read only) //if file isnt found, variable will have a negative number if (in_fd exit(2); //exit if files empty out_fd = creat(argv[2], OUTPUT_MODE); //create the output file //if file isnt created, variable will have a negative number if (out_fd exit(3); //exit if cannot write to the file while (rd_size > 0) { //while characters (in file) still exist: rd_size = read(in_fd, buf, BUF_SIZE); //read the file into buffer if (rd_size exit(4); //exit if error while reading wr_size = write(out_fd, buf, rd_size); //write from buffer into file if (wr_size close(in_fd); close(out_fd); //close both of the files if error found exit(5); //exit if error while writing } } } Update the code to so that it prints if an error has occurred or if a file is successfully created with the content of the review in it. After running code what is in hamlet.txt #include //library for file control options #include //library for general purpose tools #include //header file #include //file IO #define BUF_SIZE 500 //sets buffer size to 500 #define OUTPUT_MODE 0700 //defines the output mode, sets file permissions int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { //Define variables int in_fd, out_fd; //hold associated numbers on both files int rd_size = 1; //hold amount of bytes in buffer (final should be 500) int wr_size; //hold amount of bytes on the output file char buf[BUF_SIZE]; //initialise buffer and its size if (argc != 3) { //check for correct number of arguments printf(Error: Invalid number of parameters passed.); exit(1); //exit if too many or too few parameters } in_fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY); //open file to read from (read only) //if file isnt found, variable will have a negative number if (in_fd printf(Error: File not found.); exit(2); //exit if files empty } out_fd = creat(argv[2], OUTPUT_MODE); //create the output file //if file isnt created, variable will have a negative number if (out_fd printf(Error: File not created.); exit(3); //exit if cannot write to the file } while (rd_size > 0) { //while characters (in file) still exist: rd_size = read(in_fd, buf, BUF_SIZE); //read the file into buffer if (rd_size printf(Error: Cant read from file.); exit(4); //exit if error while reading } wr_size = write(out_fd, buf, rd_size); //write from buffer into file if (wr_size close(in_fd); close(out_fd); //close both of the files if error found exit(5); //exit if error while writing } } printf(Operation Successful!); } After compiling and running the code, the hamlet.txt file contained the exact same text that was in the main review.txt file Evidence: Updated buffer.c code to show how many character are read to buffer, how many character read at a time into the buffer, how many words in the document and how many times the buffer is filled #include //library for file control options #include //library for general purpose tools #include //header file #include //file IO #define BUF_SIZE 500 //sets buffer size to 500 #define OUTPUT_MODE 0700 //defines the output mode, sets file permissions int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { //Define variables int in_fd, out_fd; //hold associated numbers on both files int rd_size = 1; //hold amount of bytes in buffer (final should be 500) int wr_size; //hold amount of bytes on the output file char buf[BUF_SIZE]; //initialise buffer and its size int rd_count = 0, buf_count = 0, wd_count = 0; if (argc != 3) { //check for correct number of arguments printf(Error: Invalid number of parameters passed.); exit(1); //exit if too many or too few parameters } in_fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY); //open file to read from (read only) //if file isnt found, variable will have a negative number if (in_fd printf(Error: File not found.); exit(2); //exit if files empty } out_fd = creat(argv[2], OUTPUT_MODE); //create the output file //if file isnt created, variable will have a negative number if (out_fd printf(Error: File not created.); exit(3); //exit if cannot write to the file } while (rd_size > 0) { //while characters (in file) still exist: rd_size = read(in_fd, buf, BUF_SIZE); //read the file into buffer if (rd_size printf(Error: Cant read from file.); exit(4); //exit if error while reading } if (rd_size == 500){ //if read, rd_count += 500; buf_count += 1; //increment character and buffer counter } else{ rd_count += rd_size; } for (int i=0; i if(buf[i] == ) wd_count+=1; //increment if space found } wr_size = write(out_fd, buf, rd_size); //write from buffer into file if (wr_size printf(Successfully written to file!n); close(in_fd); close(out_fd); //close both files printf(Total number of characters read is: %d.n, rd_count); printf(Total number of words: %d.n, wd_count); printf(Buffer filled %d times.n, buf_count); exit(5); } } } Impact of changing buffer size I altered the buffer 3 times, the first was changing the size to 1000, the second was 1300 and the third was 2000. What I noticed was as the buffer size increases, the amount of times the buffer is filled decreases as the buffer is able to fill in more characters each time. Below is a screen shot of when the buffer size was set to 2000: We can see the buffer at this time was filled 0 times, meaning the entire text was placed into the buffer. Updated buffer.c code to compare if two files are the same #include //library for file control options #include //library for general purpose tools #include //header file #include //file IO #define BUF_SIZE 500 //sets buffer size to 500 #define OUTPUT_MODE 0700 //defines the output mode, sets file permissions int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { //Define variables int in_fd, in_fd2; //hold associated numbers on both files int rd_size = 1; //hold amount of bytes in buffer (final should be 500) int rd_size2 = 1; char buf[BUF_SIZE]; //initialise buffer and its size char buf2[BUF_SIZE]; //initialise buffer and its size //int rd_count = 0, buf_count = 0, wd_count = 0; if (argc != 3) { //check for correct number of arguments printf(Error: Invalid number of parameters passed.); exit(1); //exit if too many or too few parameters } in_fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY); //open first file to read from if (in_fd printf(Error: File not found.); exit(2); //exit if files empty } in_fd2 = open(argv[2], O_RDONLY); //open second file to read from //if file isnt found, variable will have a negative number if (in_fd2 printf(Error: File not found.); exit(3); //exit if files empty } while (rd_size > 0 rd_size2 > 0) { //while characters (in file) still exist: rd_size = read(in_fd, buf, BUF_SIZE); //read file 1 to buffer rd_size2 = read(in_fd2, buf2, BUF_SIZE); //read file 2 to buffer if (rd_size printf(Error: Cant read from file.); exit(4); } for (int i=0; i if(buf[i] != buf2[i]){ //if characters of the 2 files are not the same: printf(The files are not the same!); close(in_fd); close(in_fd2); exit(5); //print message and close } } } printf(YESSSSSS!! The files are the same.); //if code passes the loop, theyre the same! } Comparison of review.txt and hamlet.txt Comparison of hamlet.txt and review_observer.txt Lab Activity 8 Cache Buffer Brief Description of Cache Buffer Activity This weeks task was to alter the cache_reader.c file and complete the cr_read_byte function. Additionally, we also had to add a count of the total number of bytes and the number of times the buffer was filled. Commented implementation of the cr_read_byte function char cr_read_byte(cr_file* f){ /* 1. check if buffer needs refilling 2. return currently pointed character 3. move pointer to next character */ if(f->usedbuffer >= f->bufferlength){ refill(f); } char currentChar = f->buffer[f->usedbuffer]; f->usedbuffer++; return currentChar; } Comment updated code to show that each byte is being read, and when the buffer is being refilled. To show that the buffer is being refilled, I added a print statement each time the buffer refills in the cr_read_byte() function. Also the next part of the question will show that the buffer is being refilled and the bytes are being read by keeping a count each time that happens. *The code for this part of the question is combined with the next part (cache_reader.c). (I set the buffer to 200) Commented updated code showing to show how many bytes were read in total, and how many times the buffer was refilled In this part, I had to update the code in 3 different files, below are the screenshots of every update I made: cache_reader.h In this sec